The problem is even more serious for youngsters who have undergone abuse or neglect before coming to foster care. Problems in youth also develop due to failed foster care placements. Around 67 percent of children living in the foster care system are between the age of 6 and 18. Early intervention and prevention programs are necessary to reduce long-term negative consequences on brain development and functioning.

       Effective prevention and early intervention programs include family-based programming, targeting multiple issues and approaches concentrating on strength building and appropriate development. While family-based preventive programs involve changed parenting practices and family interaction patterns, multiple-system targeting involves changes in the entire system with which a child interacts including parents, teachers, school, neighborhoods and even service providers.

      Certain factors must be considered while adopting a preventive intervention program for foster care youths. Prevention programs should be cost-effective, interactive and should concentrate on improving family relationships. Adolescents and youths are very vulnerable to drug abuse, addiction to tobacco and marijuana, alcohol and can indulge in pre-marital sex. Protective programs should be aimed at educating children against the use of harmful substances. Family discussions, peer group discussions, communication and teacher-classroom management should be encouraged through these programs. Programs should target on improving personal strengths such as self-esteem, self-control, balanced emotional behavior and interpersonal problem solving skills.